Glossary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Cam Profile
Shape of each lobe on a camshaft that determines the amount or duration of time an intake or exhaust valve is open and the valve’s maximum opening, or “lift.”
Camber
Inclination of the plane of a wheel to the vertical plane of symmetry of a vehicle.
Camshaft
Shaft in an engine block or cylinder head that includes a series of lobes which regulates opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves, allowing the engine to “breathe.”
Cargo Management Rails
  • Two aluminum rails attached to the upper rail of a cargo box
  • Include four adjustable tie-down cleats that can be positioned along the cargo box rails, providing secure attachment points to keep cargo in place
Cargo Tie-down Net
  • Usually made of nylon mesh
  • Secures cargo and packages in a vehicle’s luggage compartment or rear cargo area
Caster
The angle between the steering axis and the true vertical axis when viewed from the side. Caster is considered “positive” when the steering axis is inclined upward and toward the rear.
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Catalytic Converter
  • Muffler-shaped device in the exhaust system
  • Usually contains platinum, palladium and/or rhodium, which acts as a catalyst in a chemical reaction that converts unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen into water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases that are less toxic than untreated exhaust fumes
Center Differential
used in some four-wheel-drive vehicles to distribute power to the front and rear differentials.
Center of Gravity (Center of Mass)
Point at which the entire weight of a body is considered to be concentrated so that, if supported at this point, the body would remain in equilibrium in any position.
Charge Motion Control Valves
  • Electronically controlled metal flap located at the end of each intake runner
  • These flaps are specially shaped to speed up the intake charge at low engine speed and induce a tumble effecting the combustion chamber that results in a more thorough fuel/air mixture and quicker, more efficient burn
  • At higher engine speed the flaps are completely open and do not affect the intake charge
Chassis
  • Portion of the vehicle that includes:
  • Suspension
  • Steering components
  • Power train
  • Brakes
  • Fuel system Refer to the Power trains section of this book for details concerning Ford power train systems.
Chassis Cab
  • Unfinished truck featuring an occupant compartment, or cab, without a cargo bed
  • A chassis cab requires the addition of cargo-carrying (cargo box, flatbed), work-performing (tow lift) or load-bearing (dump assembly) components to perform its intended functions
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Climate-controlled Seats
  • Feature a tiny thermoelectric device that allows the occupant to cool or warm the seat and backrest depending on outdoor temperature and personal preference
  • The thermoelectric modules are solid-state devices with surfaces that turn hot or cold depending on the polarity of the applied direct current electricity
  • Heat-transfer components attached to the modules cool or heat the air that is blown past them and then is circulated through ducts and pads in the seats and onto the occupants
  • Each seat has individual electronic controls to adjust the level of cooling or heating desired
Clutch
  • Mechanical device that engages and disengages the engine from the transmission/Trans axle during shifting, operated by a pedal to the left of the brake pedal
  • Depressing the clutch pedal interrupts power flow to the transmission/Trans axle. Releasing the clutch pedal with the gearshift in place will reengage the transmission/trans axle
  • Clutch must be fully depressed to start a vehicle with a manual transmission/transaxle
Coil Spring
Spiral-shaped spring that can be compressed or extended without permanent deformation and that is widely used in front and rear suspension systems, including the Macpherson strut front suspension used on many Ford vehicles
Combustion Chamber
Portion of the engine where the air/fuel mixture is ignited and converted to mechanical energy; includes all the space above the piston at top-dead-center (TDC), including the cylinder head, which forms the top of the combustion chamber.
Command Seating TM
  • Front-seat design that is raised higher when compared to a typical seat design
  • Gives the driver and front passenger a “commanding“ seating position for comfort and excellent visibility and helps provide drivers a better view of the road due to the raised seat design
  • This is achieved partly by raising the seat’s hip pivot point
  • Makes getting into and out of the seats easier
Compression Ratio
Ratio between the engine cylinder volume (including the cylinder head volume) when the piston is at the bottom of its stroke and the engine cylinder volume when the piston is at the top of its stroke.
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Connecting Rod
  • Mechanical link between the piston and the crankshaft that enables the piston’s up-and-down travel to be converted into the crankshaft’s rotational motion
  • Some Ford engines use forged, powdered-metal, cracked connecting rods. These connecting rods are manufactured using a process pioneered by Ford
  • Connecting rods are typically forged from a flat or round metal billet. Powdered-metal rods, however, begin as loose metal powder blended to the required composition and forged in a form that is nearly at the final "net shape”
Constant Velocity (CV) Joint (Front-wheel-drive Vehicles)
  • Refined version of a universal joint, typically used on front-wheel-drive vehicles or rear independent suspensions of rear-wheel-drive vehicles to help reduce vibrations inherent in normal universal joints
  • The CV joint — or double universal joint — cancels out vibrations caused by the transfer of driving power to the wheels
Control Arm
Suspension element that typically connects a spindle or hub to the frame or body with the use of bushings and/or ball joints.
Control Trac®
Refer to the 4WD/AWD Operations section of this book for details concerning 4x4 operations.
Cowl
Horizontal portion of the vehicle body behind the engine and immediately to the rear of the hood and under the windshield.
Crankshaft
  • Primary shaft in the engine that converts the up-and-down motion of the pistons into rotary motion
  • Crankshaft forces the pistons, via the connecting rods, upward to compress the air/fuel mixture prior to combustion. The combustion of the fuel then forces the piston downward, causing the crankshaft to rotate
  • Crankshaft is connected to the flywheel and clutch or torque converter flex plate, which transmits power to the transmission
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Cross member
Any one of the several horizontal supporting members in a vehicle structure positioned laterally between the side members.
Cross-Car Beam or Cross cowl Beam
Located behind the vehicle dashboard, this feature helps reduce steering wheel movement in the event of a frontal collision and enhances structural rigidity
Crumple Zones
Sections of a vehicle body and/or frame engineered to progressively deform in a collision, thereby absorbing impact forces instead of transferring them to the passenger compartment. Also known as crush zones.
Curb Weight
Weight of a vehicle with standard equipment, oil, lubricants, coolant and a full tank of fuel. Note: This definition may differ from definitions used by governmental regulatory agencies.
Cutaway
Incomplete vehicle (based on the Ford E-Series Van) that includes a driver/passenger compartment without a rear wall and is intended for use with specialized conversion bodies.
Cylinder Head
Aluminum or iron casting that houses the top of the intake and exhaust ports and most or all of the valvetrain. It is located directly above the cylinders.
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Cylinders
  • Tubes in an engine block where the pistons move up and down. The number of cylinders and their configurations determine the engine type (“in-line,” “V type,” etc.)
  • Cylinders are cast into an engine block formed of cast iron or aluminum and then bored and drilled to the final bore diameter
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Additional Disclosures

1
Starting MSRP excludes destination/delivery charge, taxes, title and registration. Optional equipment not included. Starting A, Z and X Plan price is for qualified, eligible customers and excludes document fee, destination/delivery charge. taxes, title and registration. Not all vehicles qualify for A, Z or X Plan.
2
EPA-estimated city/hwy mpg. See fueleconomy.gov for fuel economy of other engine/transmission combinations.
3
When properly equipped.
4
Option/Package price based on Manufacturers Suggest Retail Price,or A, Z, or X PLan price for qualified, eligible A, Z, or X Plan customers excluding taxes.
5
The Estimated Selling Price of vehicle less cash back, rebates, and net trade in allowance. It does not include amounts for fees, sales tax, service contracts, etc. Consult your dealer for actual price and complete details.
6
Special APR offers applied to Estimated Selling Price. Special APR offers require Ford Credit Financing. Not all buyers will qualify. See dealer for qualifications and complete details.
7
Special Lease offers applied to Estimated Capitalized Cost. Special Lease offers require Ford Credit Financing. Not all buyers will qualify. See dealer for qualifications and complete details.
8
See your dealer for details.
15
Classes are:  Compact Cars (Fiesta); Small Sedans and Hatchbacks (Focus); Midsize Sedans (Fusion); Full-Size Sedans (Taurus); RWD Sports Cars (Mustang); Small Utilities (Escape); Midsize Utilities (Edge); Large Utilities (Flex and Explorer); Extended Utilities (Expedition); Full-Size Pickups under 8,500 lbs. GVWR, Non-Hybrid (F-150); Full-Size Pickups over 8,500 lbs. GVWR (Super Duty).
16
EPA-estimated Fiesta SE with SFE Package; Focus SE with SFE Package. See fueleconomy.gov for details.
17
Excludes models with SYNC with MyFord Touch.
18
Only on vehicles equipped with SYNC with MyFord Touch.
19
See fueleconomy.gov.
20
For Dealer Ordered vehicles, the vehicle has already been ordered by the dealer and is in the process of being manufactured by the factory. If you are interested in the vehicle marked "Dealer Ordered", contact the dealership for a delivery estimate.
21
On the F-750
22
Based on Ford drive-cycle tests of comparably equipped 2011/2012 Ford and 2011/2012 competitive models. Class is Full-Size Pickups over 8,500 lbs. GVWR.
27
SYNC is available on most Ford vehicles. Features/functionality vary by vehicle/model. Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle control. Only use SYNC/MyFord Touch/other devices, even with voice commands, when it is safe to do so. Some features may be locked out while the vehicle is in gear. Traffic alerts and turn-by-turn directions available in select markets. Not all features are compatible with all phones. Message and data rates may apply.
28
The vehicle's electrical system (including the battery), the wireless service provider's signal and a connected mobile phone must all be available and operating for 911 Assist to function properly. These systems may become damaged in a crash. The paired mobile phone must be connected to SYNC, and the 911 Assist feature enabled, in order for 911 to be dialed. When the feature is ON, 911 Assist uses your paired and connected mobile phone to assist occupants to contact emergency services by dialing 911 if your airbag deploys or, on certain vehicles, if the emergency fuel pump shut-off is activated.
29
Complimentary three-year subscription for owners of new vehicles equipped with the service. Subscription fees may apply after three years. Traffic alerts and turn-by-turn directions available in select markets. Message and data rates may apply.
34
Optional. SiriusXM Satellite Radio, Traffic and Travel Link subscriptions sold separately or as a package after trial expires. SiriusXM Traffic and Travel Link service available in select markets. Subscriptions are governed by SiriusXM Customer Agreement; see www.siriusxm.com. Sirius U.S. Satellite Service available in the 48 contiguous states and D.C. Sirius, XM and all related marks and logos are trademarks of Sirius XM Radio Inc.
36
Optional Ford Work Solutions. Available on F-Series, E-Series, Transit Connect and Super Duty. Some features unavailable while driving.
39
Remember that even advanced technology cannot overcome the laws of physics. It's always possible to lose control of a vehicle due to inappropriate driver input for the conditions.
41
911 Assist, VHR, SYNC Services and AppLink not available on Transit Connect. Driving while distracted can result in loss of vehicle control. Only use mobile phones and other devices, even with voice commands, when it is safe to do so.
42
Based on analysis of data published by EPA, 11/10.
43
Android is a trademark of Google Inc. iPhone® is a registered trademarks of Apple Inc. The BlackBerry and RIM families of related marks, images and symbols are the exclusive properties and trademarks of Research In Motion Limited.
48
You must have a Bluetooth®-enabled phone paired to your SYNC system. The Bluetooth word mark is a trademark of the Bluetooth SIG, Inc. HD Radio is a proprietary trademark of iBiquity Digital Corp. iPad®, iPod® and iTunes® are registered trademarks of Apple Inc. The term Wi-Fi® is a registered trademark of the Wi-Fi Alliance®. Sony is a registered trademark of the Sony Corporation.
49
Only on vehicles with SYNC® with MyFord Touch® with voice activated Navigation system or SYNC with hard drive-based voice activated Navigation system. Commands may vary by model year.
52
Google Maps is a trademark of Google, Inc. MapQuest is a trademark of AOL Inc.
53
PANDORA, the PANDORA logo, and the Pandora trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of Pandora Media, Inc. Used with permission. iHeartAuto is a registered trademark of Clear Channel Broadcasting, Inc. Slacker® is a registered trademark of Slacker®, Inc. Stitcher Smart Radio is a registered trademark of Stitcher, Inc. NPR and the NPR logo are registered trademarks of National Public Radio, Inc. Used with permission.
63
SYNC AppLink is available on select models and compatible with select smartphone platforms. Commands may vary by phone and Applink software.
64
20 Operator Assist sessions included with each one-year paid/complimentary SYNC Services subscription. Fees apply for additional sessions. See syncmyride.com.
67
EPA-estimated 17 city/25 hwy/20 combined mpg, AWD. Figures achieved using premium unleaded gasoline.
68
Achieved with premium fuel.
129
SYNC Services is complimentary for three years on most Ford vehicles. Vehicles built with SYNC with MyFord® will require a subscription fee from the onset of service. Click on the support tab for more details. Ford Motor Company reserves the right to change or discontinue this product service at any time without prior notification or incurring any future obligation.
159
All prices are manufactures suggested retail prices and exclude destination/delivery charge, taxes, title and registration. Optional equipment not included. Prices may not reflect all equipment shown in images. Dealers are the best source for up-to-date pricing.
Ford reserves the right to change product specifications at any time without incurring obligations